The Value of Biased Information

In this article, I cast doubt on an apparent truism, namely, that if evidence is available for gathering and use at a negligible cost, then it’s always instrumentally rational us to gather it making decisions. Call ‘value of information’ (VOI). show VOI conflicts with two other plausible theses. The first the view agent’s can entail non-trivial propositions about external world. second epistemic rationality requires update our credences by conditionalization. These theses, given some assumptions, make room rationally biased inquiries where fails. go argue bad news defenders VOI.